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Mad Cow Disease and Chronic Wasting Disease

Compiled by Eileen Snyder, April 2004

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With the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), also known as Mad Cow Disease, in Canada and the United States in 2003, state and federal governments have begun taking steps to update policies and procedures for preventing the disease and its potential spread to humans. This bibliography lists resources about these steps, as well as providing updated information regarding Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), which occurs in deer and elk and is related to BSE. For further information about CWD, see our Tap the Power from November 2002, "Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)."

Animal Disease Risk Assessment, Prevention and Control Act of 2001 (PL 107-9): Final Report. U.S. PL 107-9 Inter-Agency Working Group, January 2003. (614.9/X3) Report to Congress about economic impacts and public health risks of various animal diseases, including BSE. Also discusses actions by federal agencies and legislative authority to control the diseases. www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/pubs/PL107-9_1-03.pdf

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy. Richard H. Kimberlin, Prepared for United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, 1993. Discusses the diagnosis and prevention of BSE and other Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. www.fao.org/docrep/T0573E/T0573E00.htm

Chronic Wasting Disease. Wisconsin Legislative Audit Bureau, October 2003. (799/W7m1) A report, requested by two legislators, which reviews state efforts to combat CWD. www.legis.wisconsin.gov/lab/windex.htm

Chronic Wasting Disease in Wisconsin and the 2002 Hunting Season: Gun Deer Hunters' First Response. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Integrated Science Services, April 2003. (799/W7o5) Reports on the results of a survey conducted to determine whether the presence of CWD in Wisconsin has affected hunting activity in the state.

Combating "Mad Cow" Disease. Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, February 2004 (Wisconsin Brief 04-2). (799/W7p1) Describes actions taken by federal agencies and the state of Wisconsin to combat Mad Cow Disease. www.legis.wisconsin.gov/lrb/pubs/wb/04wb2.pdf

Emerging Issues Summary. The Council of State Governments, January 2004. Pages 2-4 examine the effects of the discovery of BSE in the U.S., particularly in the realm of trade.
www.csg.org/CSG/Policy/trends/default.htm (click on the link to the January issue on the right-hand side of the page).

Environmental Impact Statement on Rules to Eradicate Chronic Wasting Disease in Wisconsin's Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer Herd. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, February 2003. (799/W7o4) Assesses the impact on the environment of proposed DNR rules to eradicate CWD in the state.

"Mad Cow Disease: Are Government Efforts to Protect the U.S. Adequate?" Congressional Quarterly, Inc., CQ Researcher, v.11, no.8, March 2, 2001. (614.9/C761) An examination of government efforts to prevent an outbreak of BSE in the U.S. Published before BSE was discovered in Canada and the U.S.

Mad Cow Disease: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts - Report to Congressional Requesters. U.S. General Accounting Office, January 2002. (614.9/X1) This report, requested by two U.S. Senators, looks at effectiveness of federal actions to prevent BSE and potential economic and health impacts of a BSE outbreak, and compares U.S. actions to those taken by other nations. www.gao.gov/new.items/d02183.pdf

Mad Cow USA: Could the Nightmare Happen Here? Sheldon Rampton, Common Courage Press, 1997. (614.9/R14) This book that looks at the potential for a Mad Cow Disease outbreak in the U.S. (Full text available on the Internet.) www.prwatch.org/books/mcusa.pdf

Meat and Poultry Inspection Issues. U.S. Congressional Research Service, August 1, 2003. (636.52/X1) Covers issues related to meat inspection, including inspection authority and legislative and administrative actions. www.ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/03Aug/IB10082.pdf

Potential Transmission of Spongiform Encephalopathies to Humans: The Food and Drug Administration's Ruminant to Rudiment Feed Ban and the Safety of Other Products. U.S. House Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (Hearing), January 29, 1997. (614.9/X)

"Targeting CWD: Can the State Shoot Its Way Out of the Crisis?" Brian McCombie, Isthmus, v.28, no.24, p.13-16, June 13, 2003. (799/M13) A critical look at the efforts of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to eradicate CWD by destroying all the deer in the affected area of the state.

Understanding the BSE Threat. World Health Organization, October 2002. This online publication offers a discussion of the origins of BSE and preventive measures. It also discusses how to interpret the risk of the disease within countries. www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/bse/BSEthreat.pdf

Related Web Sites

www.afia.org/News.html?Source=/Archive/2004/3/17-23186.html - American Feed Industry Association. "Expected BSE Changes in Limbo After International Panel Report." The Report, from January 2004, is available from the U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) at: http://foia.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/BSE_tr_ban_ltr%20_enc_2.pdf

www.inspection.gc.ca/english/anima/heasan/disemala/bseesb/bseesbindexe.shtml - Canadian Food Inspection Agency. "Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in North America."

www.bseinfo.org - Cattlemen's Beef Board and National Cattlemen's Beef Association. Provides information about BSE and beef safety.

http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/food/biosafety/bse/index_en.htm - European Commission, Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection. "Food and Feed Safety."

www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/bse-riskassmt.html - Harvard Risk Assessment Survey on BSE. Available from the U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Web site.

www.ncsl.org/programs/esnr/BSEbrief.htm - National Conference of State Legislatures Issue Brief on BSE.

www.renderers.org - National Renderers Association. Includes a report on the economic impact of regulations.

www.organicconsumers.org/madcow.htm - Organic Consumers Association. Information about BSE and CWD.

www.tahc.state.tx.us/animal_health/diseases/bse/bse.shtml - Texas Animal Health Commission BSE page.

www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/cjd/cjd.htm - U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

www.usda.gov/BSE - U.S. Department of Agriculture. The site offers up-to-date news about BSE.

www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/bse - United Kingdom, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.

www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/bse.html - U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Links to FDA information on various aspects of BSE.

http://usaip.info - U.S. Animal Identification Plan. Describes the plan, an industry-state-federal partnership to coordinate a national animal identification plan.

www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/cwd - U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Chronic Wasting Disease.

www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/bse.html - U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Provides links to information about BSE and related diseases.

www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/sregs - U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. "U.S. State and Territory Animal Import Regulations."

www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/issues/bse - UW-Extension. "Extension Responds: BSE, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease)."

www.datcp.state.wi.us/ah/agriculture/animals/disease/bse - Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection BSE page.

www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/land/wildlife/whealth/issues/CWD - Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. "Chronic Wasting Disease and Wisconsin Deer."

http://agr.wa.gov/FoodAnimal/AnimalFeed/BSE.htm - Washington State Department of Agriculture. "Animal Health." Includes links to a wide range of information about BSE.

www.who.int/csr/disease/bes/en - World Health Organization. Includes links to fact sheets on BSE and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD).

Clippings:

(Noncirculating; available for use in the library; clippings prior to 1981 are on microfiche)

  • For BSE: Animals - Diseases: 614.9/Z
  • For CWD: Deer, moose and elk hunting and herd management: 799/D36z

BadgerLink: www.badgerlink.net

Search the EBSCOHost magazine and journal database and the ProQuest and Wisconsin Newsstand databases for full text articles. Suggested search words: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, BSE, Mad Cow Disease, Chronic Wasting Disease, CWD, and animal identification system.


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